#14 Culpepper Goddard - To the Manor Born

This week I have been trying to tidy up the Goddard ancestors on my Sheaf line and it has been proving quite tricky, even with the newly discovered help of Parish Register transcriptions from the Wiltshire Family History Society. The Goddard family was numerous and influential in this part of England but sadly they had very fixed ideas about the naming of children, which makes it a little tricky sorting out where everyone fits in! There are even instances of families with two Thomases or two Johns (usually designated the elder and the younger) but my word, where is the occasional Tibbot or Aubrey when you want one!

This led me to think about the person who connects the Goddard name to our family tree and she in fact has a beautiful and unusual name. Culpepper Goddard, my 8 x great grandmother was baptised in Miserden, Gloucestershire on the 10th August 1641. Her parents were Richard Goddard Esq of Swindon, Wiltshire and Culpepper Sandys. The name Culpepper was the maiden name of her grandmother Margaret, who had passed it on to her own daughter and thence to her granddaughter. Culpepper was the second daughter of Richard and Culpepper; the first being Sandys Goddard who had also been born at Miserden the year before. I wondered for a while why these first two children were baptised at Miserden when Richard was 'of Swindon' and all the later children were baptised at Swindon, however it became clearer when I realized that the Sandys family were based at Miserden. Culpepper Sandys' father William died several months before Culpepper Goddard was born so no doubt that would be reason enough for the baptisms at Miserden.

Richard and Culpepper went on to have three more daughters - Ann, Joan and Bridget - before Culpepper (the mother) died some time after Bridget was born. Richard remarried in 1648 and he and his new wife Ann Bowerman had a long awaited for son, Thomas, who went on to great prominence as High Sheriff of Wiltshire in 1675. Richard died soon after young Thomas was born, so his new bride Ann was left to raise her own son and five step-daughters.

Richard was obviously quite a canny man and made sure he had made adequate provision for his daughters, so as to ensure good marriages for them. In Feb 1647/48 he entered into a sale of land along with his kinsmen Thomas Sandys of Miserden, George Fettiplace of Lincoln's Inn and William Lawrence of Broome in order to settle money, in trust, on his daughters Sandys, Culpepper, Ann and Bridget. I presume from this that Joan had died as a youngster.

In 1657, Culpepper received an inheritance from her bachelor Uncle Thomas Sandys, consisting of a gold ring with four diamonds in the form of a cross. I like to imagine that she may have worn this at her wedding which must have taken place fairly soon after. The exact details of when and where she was married are not yet discovered but certainly by 1661 she was wed to John Colles of Guiting Power in Gloucestershire and was a mother to a daughter called Culpepper!

Manor House near Guiting Power

© Copyright Roger Davies and licensed for reuse under this Creative Commons Licence

It seems that the daughter gene continued on very strongly in this part of the family as John Colles and Culpepper only had three children, all daughters; Culpepper born in 1661, Eleanor (our ancestor) born in 1662 and Ann.

At some stage in their married life, Culpepper's bachelor uncle Edmond Goddard came to stay or live with them. When he died in October 1676 he was buried at Guiting Power and his will records bequests to his nieces Culpepper, Bridget and Ann as well as to his nephew by marriage John Colles.

The next mention of Culpepper comes in some legal documents of 1678 where she is named as the wife of John Colles. Also mentioned are two of her sisters, Ann and Bridget, described as spinsters and of Catislade, which was the name of the Colles manor where Culpepper and John were living. It appears that Culpepper as the elder and married sister was looking after the younger girls. I wonder how John coped with his wife, two sisters in law and three daughters? I imagine he went out a lot!

Culpepper was widowed in Jan 1694/95 and her husband John was buried in the church at Guiting Power. Not having any sons to take charge of the Manor, John's will is somewhat complicated. In essence he leaves the property to his good friends Nathaniel Lye (his brother in law, husband of his wife's sister Bridget Goddard) and George Townsend (his nephew, son of his sister Ann), with the income to be divided between his wife Culpepper, his brother William and his unmarried daughters Eleanor and Ann. Quite how the manor ended up back in the ownership of Eleanor and her eventual husband David Hughes I am not sure. Cetainly the incomes from his messuages, tenements, cottages and etc should have provided nicely for his wife and children. I just hope Mr Lye and Mr Townsend played fair!

The next evidence I have for Culpepper is her burial record in Guiting Power on 15th March 1707/08. She was 67 years old. What is interesting though, is that she obviously wasn't living in the manor at the time of her death. I have found an inventory taken after her death which indicates she was living in lodging rooms in Painswick, Gloucestershire. In her will, she divides most of her goods and chattels between her three daughters and I was very excited to find that her special diamond ring, received from her Uncle Thomas Sandys, was mentioned specifically and was bequeathed to her eldest daughter Culpepper.

I suppose the message I take most from Culpepper's story is how financially dependent women of these times were on their fathers, husbands, uncles, brothers in law and nephews. I am reminded of Mrs Bennet in Pride and Predjudice, who in spite of her annoying manners, really does understand the need for her daughters to be financially secure before the estate is entailed away, leaving her children potentially homeless and without prospects.  At all stages of her life Culpepper was forced to rely on men for her security and I hope that the fact she ended up in lodgings in Painswick isn't a result of the system failing to provide for her.

Will the real Humphrey Colles please stand up.

Just who was Humphrey Colles of Castelet, who married Elinore Carter; the gentleman who is my 9x great-grandfather? Primary evidence of his life is very scant (although I live in hope that some will turn up) so my best conjecture as to who he is is based on tiny, disparate clues from across the record books. As much for my own benefit as anyone else's, I will set out my current thesis as to his identity. Any other evidence confirming or denying this conjecture would be gratefully received!

 Things I am very certain of:
 1: Humphrey Colles is named in the 1627 will of John Carter of Nether Swell, Gloucestershire, as his son in law.

 2: A child Eleanore Colles, was baptised in Sevenhampton in 1616; the daughter of Humphrey Colles and Elinore.

 3 Between 1628 and 1637, three children were baptised in Guiting Power, the children of Humphrey Colles and Elinore.

 4. The Colles property at Guiting Power, was known as the Manor of Cateslade or the Manor of Chattreland or the Manor of Castelet. These names seem to be interchangeable but all to refer to the same place.

 5. This Humphrey Colles was memorialised in the following text: Epicedia - Funeral verses upon the much lamented death of that most loyal subject and religious gentleman Mr Hmphrey Colles of Cateslade; departed this life Nov 15 and was solemnly interred Nov 18 Anno salutis 1661 Ætatis suæ.77 This would make his birth date about 1584 and his death in 1661.

 6. This Humphrey Colles was named in several legal transactions with the associated families of Carter, Lawrence, Broadway, Goddard and Fettiplace. The Carters, Lawrences and Broadways were connected via his marriage with Elinore Carter and the Goddards and Fettiplaces were connected through his son John Colles who married Culpepper Goddard.

 My conjecture is that Humphrey Colles of Cateslade is the third son of John Colles of Barton in Somerset and Ann Thynne or possibly his second wife Winifred Leigh. This is based on the following:

 1. In the will of George Colles 1632, son of John Colles of Barton, he makes his brother Humphrey Colles executor and also mentions Humphrey's wife Eleanor and son George.

 2. The first son of John Colles, also John, was born in about 1582 according to his memorial inscription in the church at Pitminster, Somerset. This means that Humphrey could have been born in about 1584 as the third son.

 3. Chancery records from the reign of James 1 (1603-1625) link the families of Thynne, Colles of Barton and the Chamberlayne family. Eleanore Colles (see point 2 above) married Edmund Chamberlayne of Maughersbury.

 4. His father and both his brothers are also linked to funeral verses and sermons. In this case, they were written by William Schlater who was the rector of Pitminster in Somerset and who had been sponsered by John Colles senior. Assuming the family shared a common religious observance, it would not be surprising that they were all commemorated in some way. As far as I know the Epicedia for Humphrey Colles has not been attributed to William Schlater.

 In the absence of anything more concrete, this is what I am running with, but who's to say what other pieces of the puzzle are still yet to be discovered. I may yet find that I have put all the pieces of sky in the wrong way around!